METODOLOGIA CLINICA APPLICATA AGLI STUDI DI RICERCA

Learning Objectives

• GENERAL SURGERY APPLIED TO CLINICAL TRIALS

  to give knowledges about the more frequent surgical pathologies of the abdomen, of the abdominal wall, and of the breast; diagnosis and treatment

• Pharmacology: safety in therapy management

  Students will acquire knowledge about basic principles in Pharmacology, such as pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, drugs mechanisms, signal transduction pathways, adverse drug reactions. Furthermore, an overview of major drug classes mainly used in hospital will be presented, to promote the correct use of drugs and to avoid eventual life-threatening adverse reactions or drug interactions.

• CLINICAL METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO RESEARCH STUDIES

  Provide learners with knowledge to understand the implementation, interpretation and application of clinical trials in diseases of Internal Medicine. Analyze the various types of clinical studies. The following topics will be studied in detail: evidence-based medicine (Evidence-Based Medicine, EBM), levels of evidence, degree of recommendations, consensus conferences, guidelines, recommendations based on studies available in Internal Medicine and diagnostic-therapeutic protocols in Internal Medicine. Clinical trials will be illustrated and analyzed in the management of the most frequent internal diseases (cardiocirculatory, metabolic, gastroenterological, pulmonary, neoplastic).

• General pathology applied to trials

  Describe how human cells function organized in tissues and organs; - Describe organs finctions of the human body, their dynamic integration into apparatuses and the general mechanisms of functional control in physiological use conditions; - Indicate the main functional findings in healthy humans; - List and describe the main causes of disease in humans; - Describe the main pathogenetic and pathophysiological mechanisms at the cell, tissue, organ and system level; - Describe the defense mechanisms of the organism; - Describe the main pathogenic organisms and their mechanisms of action.

Course Structure

• GENERAL SURGERY APPLIED TO CLINICAL TRIALS

  lectures

• Pharmacology: safety in therapy management

  Lectures. Students are invited to actively participate with questions, comments and thoughts related to covered topics

• CLINICAL METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO RESEARCH STUDIES

  Frontal lessons.

• General pathology applied to trials

  Frontal lessons
  
  
  
  

Detailed Course Content

• GENERAL SURGERY APPLIED TO CLINICAL TRIALS

  colon pathologies (colon cancer, chronic idiopathic colitis, diverticular colon disease)

  malignant and benign pathologies of the breast

  intestinal obstructions

  hernias of the wall and laparoceli

  digestive bleeding

  gallbladder and biliary tract diseases

• Pharmacology: safety in therapy management

  • Principles of Pharmacology

  • Development of new drugs

  • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

  • Variability factors that influence the pharmacological response

  • Risks and precautions for correct drug therapy

  • Adverse drug reactions

  • Neurotransmitters (synthesis, release, receptors)

  • Drugs active on the systems: cholinergic, catecholaminergic, GABAergic, histaminergic, serotonergic

  • Drugs of the gastrointestinal system (antiemetics, IPP, antacids, cytoprotectors)

  • Drugs of the cardiovascular system (CBB, inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, diuretics, haemostasis drugs)

  • Drugs of the arachidonic acid cascade (glucorticoids and NSAIDs)

  • Drungs used in diabetes mellitus

  • Antimicrobial and antineoplastic drugs (penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, aminoglycosides, quinolones, antimetabolites, mitotic spindle inhibitors, alkylating agents and platinum compounds, molecular target drugs)

• CLINICAL METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO RESEARCH STUDIES

  Knowledge of the main pathologies of international interest of the gastrointestinal system, of the liver, of the cardio-circulatory system, of the respiratory system, of the kidney, of lipid metabolism and of glucose metabolism. Knowledge of biostatistics elements.

• General pathology applied to trials

  ntroduction to General pathology
  
  -Concept of homeostasis and disease
  
  -Causes of phisical diseases
  
  -Causes of chemical diseases
  
  -Causes of biological diseases
  
  -Cellular pathology

  -Pathology of the extracellular matrix

  -Genetic pathology
  
  -Inflammation: classification; types of exudate; chemical mediators of inflammation; chronic inflammation and granulomas; reparative phenomena
  
  -The fever
  

Textbook Information

• GENERAL SURGERY APPLIED TO CLINICAL TRIALS

  Mario Lise: Chirurgia per infermieri, Piccin Editore

• Pharmacology: safety in therapy management
  1. ROSSI F., CUOMO V., RICCARDI C., Farmacologia per le professioni sanitarie, Ed. Minerva Medica
  2. Hitner, Nagle, Principi di Farmacologia, Zanichelli
  3. Rang, Dale, Farmacologia, Ed. Elsevier Masson
• CLINICAL METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO RESEARCH STUDIES
  • Medicina Interna Autore: Massini Renato; Izzi Donatello; Marchetti Patrizia; Passeretti Francesca; Recine Umberto, Editore: McGraw-Hill Italia
  • Medicina Interna per Scienze Infermieristiche Autore: Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele, Editore: PICCIN EDITORE
  • HARRISON - Principi di Medicina Interna - Il manuale- McGraw-Hill
• General pathology applied to trials

  Slides lesson

  Pontieri: Patologia Generale

  Robbins: Patologia Generale

  Rubin: Patologia generale